The Effect of Carbon Aerogel on Improving the Expander and NAM Performance of Lead-acid Batteries
The carbon black provides extra conductivity when the concentration of Pbso4 becomes too high at the discharge process and Carbon Aerogel can improve this function.To evaluate this advantage first we synthesized Carbon Aerogel with a method that is based on production by polymerization reactions in gel form then the produced wet gels were dried, and the final product was a dry material with a highly porous structure then synthesized carbon aerogel was used as a fourth element in the expander material. To evaluate different produced expanders with different contents of Carbon Aerogel,a technique based on cyclic voltammetry was used that the electrolyte was prepared by dissolving prepared expanders with the amount of 3gr in 100cc/H2so4/5M then a lead electrode immersed in the electrolyte was cycled within the potential range of -0.325to-0.725.In the PbSO4│Pb electrode,the expander impedes the process of PbSO4 reduction and normally decreases the cathodic Imax so charge acceptance is negatively affected but,Carbon Aerogel will decrease this effect by its high surface area and super capacitive effect in NAM and improving the overall conductivity.The CV tests show 27&52% higher Imax Cathodic(Better charge acceptance)in charging process and besides 2&22% improvement in Imax anodic(Better capacity)by using 5&10% Carbone Aerogel in expander composition can be achieved.Additionally,2V single-cell batteries was made without and with 5&10%Carbon Aerogel in their NAM expander and were tested according to IEC60095-1-2018standard and results show 3.5-10.8% improvement in C20, 10.5&15.8% improvement in CCA, 39.6%&47.8% Improvement in charge acceptance tests by using 5&10% Carbone Aerogel in expander composition,when the water consumption of the batteries remains almost constant that is in line with CV test results and shows that by using Carbone Aerogel in expander composition, we can increase the capacity,but it has a significant effect on increasing SLI lead acid battery charge acceptance with no negative effect on water consumption.
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