In this presentation, performance data and information of sodium-ion batteries (SIB) will be compared with that of lithium iron phosphate batteries (LFP) and lead-acid valve-regulated batteries (VRLA). Proposed mechanisms behind the differences in performance characteristics were analysed and will be presented. The presentation will also cover current research and development status, technical challenges, and future development trends of sodium-ion batteries. This report discusses the advantages and disadvantages of sodium-ion batteries and analyses the competitive situation among these three different battery technologies. Further discussion on the potential application areas and issues of sodium-ion batteries will be presented. As an overview of sodium-ion batteries’ different performance characteristics, they are safer than lithium batteries. Sodium-ion batteries have excellent high-rate and good low-temperature discharge performance, capable of discharging 90% of their capacity at -20 degrees Celsius. Potential application areas of sodium-ion batteries include starting batteries for automobiles and motorcycles, outdoor power sources in cold regions, engineering vehicles, and back-up power supplies for data centres.